Also social structure of both societies varied in which Mali had extended families and clans serve as the main foundation of their social structure while Aztec society was mainly a hierarchy with military elite as their main source of authority. The largest mound covered fifteen acres. Leaving native people alone would not satisfy the blood lust of the Conquistadores, or the gold fever that drew them to want to take whatever they saw of value. A persons possessions included only what he or she had made, such as tools or weapons. Specifically, they had holes in their empire because certain parts were just used to get sacrifices, or were fished . The differences are that the Inca and Aztec states were enormous. Located in todays Peru at an altitude of nearly 8,000 feet, Machu Picchu was a ceremonial Incan city built about 1450 CE. These groups subsisted on a wider variety of foods that grew in their regions. This is not the actions of a good and trust worthy friend. to be a civilization that was loosely organized and strife-ridden. The Maya southern lowlands went into decline in the 8th and 9th centuries and were abandoned. At its height in about 1100 CE, this five-square-mile city, now called Cahokia, was home to more than ten thousand residents; tens of thousands more lived on farms surrounding the urban center. In general, the French interactions with the Illinois and other indigenous peoples of the Mississippi River Valley were much more mild and less violent than the Spanish conquests of the Pueblos, Aztecs, and Incas. The. The Aztec Confederacy held several million people. The Aztecs built a great capital in Tenochtitlan. Google Apps. At its height in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, the Inca Empire, located on the Pacific coast and straddling the Andes Mountains, extended some twenty-five hundred miles. The Inca civilization can be traced back to about A.D. 1200. In 1562, Bishop Diego de Landa, who feared the converted natives had reverted to their traditional religious practices, collected and burned every codex he could find. Great civilizations had risen and fallen in the Americas before the arrival of the Europeans. The Maya were polytheistic, but they did not have any particular God, while the Aztec worship Huitzilopochtli as their main god and Inca worshiped Inti as their primary God. In the past, they lived in small camps consisting of small, dome-shaped wood and mud dwellings called hogans. The empire fell in 1533. Consider the Aztecs, Incas, Pueblo, the Iroquois league of tribes, Cahokia, and others. A century later, however, probably because of drought, the Pueblo peoples abandoned their cities. In the southwestern part of todays United States dwelled several groups we collectively call the Pueblo. A fiery object appeared in the night sky, a spontaneous fire broke out in a religious temple and could not be extinguished with water, a water spout appeared in Lake Texcoco, and a woman could be heard wailing, O my children we are about to go forever. Moctezuma also had dreams and premonitions of impending disaster. Direct link to David Alexander's post The Central African Empir. -The Pueblos were a smaller, less advanced civilization located in the southwestern part. The Aztec Empire controlled Central America from what would later become Mexico City. The Inca people would weave colorful woolen cloths, which served as blankets for those who could afford them. On the other hand, some Illinois women preferred the stable marriage rituals of the Catholic church to their customs, of which bride kidnapping was one. They only treated them to the finest of treasures because they were sure this was what they were looking for. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. Due to this difference in worldview the Aztecs weapons were also different from the European weapons that the Spanish used. Land, and the game that populated it, they believed, were there for the taking. Surrounded by farms relying on primitive agriculture, they built the city-states of Copan, Tikal, and Chichen Itza along their major trade routes, as well as temples, statues of gods, pyramids, and astronomical observatories. By signing up, you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. This means that they were always searching for a new place to settle. The Inca had no written language. Subjugating surrounding tribes and requiring tribute of both humans for sacrifice and goods for consumption, the island city of Tenochtitln was the hub of an ever-widening commercial center and the equal of any large European city until Corts destroyed it. The Eastern Woodland peoples were thriving, but they were soon overwhelmed as the number of English, French, and Dutch settlers increased. The Mali and Aztecs both traded, but while Mali traded with Islamic regions developing Islamic institutions within its borders, the Aztecs traded locally consequently not being influenced by outside cultures. After the decline of the Olmec, a city rose in the fertile central highlands of Mesoamerica. When the spanish began to conquer the Aztec civilization, their mission Utilizing waterways, they developed trade routes stretching from Canada to Louisiana, where they exchanged goods with other tribes and negotiated in many different languages. Although tribes often claimed the right to certain hunting groundsusually identified by some geographical landmarkIndians did not practice, or in general even have the concept of, private ownership of land. The Aztec Empire was also brought down by Spanish conquistadors who used horses, gunpowder, and disease to destroy this prosperous civilization. Corn, or maize, domesticated by 5000 BCE, formed the basis of their diet. What did the Gilded Age reformers have in common with Jackson era reformers? This culture emerged in the Mississippi . The Mali Empire and the Aztec Empire rose in different locations thus they had different ways of approaching different aspects of their culture but both empires still shared some key aspects also., Two of the most influential and powerful postclassical Mesoamerican empires belonged to the Inca and Aztec people. Many of the mounds that were opened by archaeologists contained artworks and other goods that indicate their society was socially stratified. The Aztecs built a great capital in Tenochtitlan . The Spanish then founded a new settlement, Mexico City, on the site of the capital, and began colonizing Central America. Researchers believe that about ten thousand years ago, humans also began the domestication of plants and animals, adding agriculture as a means of sustenance to hunting and gathering techniques. Cahokia was the hub of political and trading activities along the Mississippi River. They built many pyramids, some of which still stand today. The European Christian worldview, on the other hand, viewed land as the source of wealth. Both empires shared a similarity in economy but a different society. The thing that ties them both together is the Conquistador Hernan Cortes. With the assistance of Tlaxcalan collaborators, Corts surrounded Tenochtitlan and eventually wore down its defenses through naval engagements and causing epidemics of smallpox. They devised a written mathematical system to record crop yields and the size of the population, and to assist in trade. . You will also describe the end of each civilization and it contributions. When the glaciers melted, water engulfed Beringia, and the Bering Strait was formed. Tenochtitlan was the largest and the capital city of Aztecs, which was built on an island in Lake Texcoco. The Pueblo of the American Southwest lived in adobe apartments. Both empires ruled at different times but both built massive temples to please their gods, kings and also used for astronomy. The city also contained one hundred and twenty earthen mounds or pyramids, each dominating a particular neighborhood and on each of which lived a leader who exercised authority over the surrounding area. The Aztecs didnt try to kill the Spaniards but instead tried to use them as sacrifices. Aztec and Mayan social classes shaped the daily life of their citizens., The Mayan, Aztec, and Inca civilizations brought major accomplishments to the world today. The Maya is a Mesoamerican civilization, noted for the only known fully developed written language of the pre-Columbian Americas, and for its. -The civilization of the Cahokia was highly elaborate and located along the Mississippi, The center of the city of Cahokia contained the largest earth contrasted, The central plaza was oriented exactly like that of the, Aztecs and Mayas on a north-south axis in order to keep track of the movement of the, Cahokia manufacturers mass-produced salt, knifes, and stone hoe blades. I love this site. connected to the mainland by three broad causeways and supplied with drinkable water, Their supreme rulers power was just as extensive as any, The first Spaniards that entered the city of Tenochtitlan. The Olmec also developed a system of trade throughout Mesoamerica, giving rise to an elite class. Upon their arrival in North America, Europeans found no fences, no signs designating ownership. The civilization's height was between 250 and 900 AD. How did their location impact their economic development, religion and scholastic contributions? On the surface of this house they would cook their food, walk and play as if they were on firm land. They build statues like that of colossal Coatlicue or very alive and famous sculpture of a seated Xochipilli. Hernan Cortes conquered Tenochtiltan in 1521, supported by a large number of indigenous allies. It was the Olmec who worshipped a rain god, a maize god, and the feathered serpent so important in the future pantheons of the Aztecs (who called him Quetzalcoatl) and the Maya (to whom he was Kukulkan). In tribes such as the Iroquois, Lenape, Muscogee, and Cherokee, women had both power and influence. - [Instructor] In the first years of interaction between Native Americans and Europeans, there were a lot of aspects of each other's cultures that each group found, well, just plain weird. Unlike the Spanish, who were heavy-handed and imposing in their conversion efforts, the Jesuits preferred to work with and through native communities in order to spread the word of God. A second major theme is the greed that fueled the conquests in the New World. The Maya were one Mesoamerican culture that had strong ties to Teotihuacan. to strengthen themselves by joining all 5 of the tribes together in a more cohesive, The developed political mechanisms to solve internal problems, These political techniques aided the Iroquois in. The ruins of the Templo Mayor were excavated in Mexico City in 1978. Then, when the Spanish tried to take advantage of what the Aztecs had given them, they realized they werent the Gods they thought they were looking for. It points out on numerous cultural comparisons that only a few specialists know about. 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Mesoamerica is the geographic area stretching from north of Panama up to the desert of central Mexico. In return, the lord provided laws, protection, and relief in times of famine. The Spaniards would fight to kill while the Aztecs would capture their enemies and sacrifice them to their gods. The Indians living east of the Mississippi did not construct the large and complex societies of those to the west. I think the Spanish had monarchy. This emperor was also the empires religious leader. The most important collection of these poems is Romances de los senores de la Nueva Espana. The first was the Aztec empire in 1434 who settled in central Mexico, the second was the Inca empire in 1438 who controlled all of the area from Cuzco to the shores of Lake Titicaca. The city lasted until 1521 CE. North American Indians were fewer in number, more widely dispersed, and did not have the population size or organized social structures of the Maya, Aztec, or Inca societies. Aztec stone sculpture is the culmination of a long Mesoamerican tradition in the carving of stonefrom ordinary volcanic rock to highly prized semi-precious stones such as jadeinto objects and monuments of all sorts. Thanks so much for this! Both Empires differed in society in which women in Mali tended to have more rights than women in an Aztec society whom they had little to no role in their society. The three main groups of the Pueblo people were the Mogollon, Hohokam, and Anasazi. They also bred small domesticated dogs which, along with fish, provided their protein. Unlike the dirty, fetid cities of Europe at the time, Tenochtitln was well planned, clean, and orderly. Society was divided between pipiltin (nobles) and macehualli (commoners), and was led by an Emperor. Columbus's discovery opened a floodgate of Spanish exploration. The three main groups of the Pueblo people were the Mogollon, Hohokam, and Anasazi. They didnt build any major cities, but they were widespread and prosperous. The Aztecs also held a ritual ceremony for the arrival of the "god" that included a human sacrifice, which was seen by the Spanish as a disgusting act, this trigged Spanish hatred for the Aztecs. One of the largest population centers in pre-Columbian America and home to more than 100,000 people at its height in about 500 CE, Teotihuacan was located about thirty miles northeast of modern Mexico City. Cortes knew nothing of the size and power of the Aztec empire and if he did, his decision to bring only a few hundred men was certainly a gross misjudgment. Let us know your assignment type and we'll make sure to get you exactly the kind of answer you need. Smallpox broke out in 1520-21 and played a vital in the fall of the city, with between 10% to 50% of the population succumbing to the disease. These foretellings were recorded after the Aztecs destruction. . After reaching Tenochtitlan, capital of the Aztec Capital, the Spaniards were initially greeted as foreign ambassadors. Spain gained immense wealth from this expansionism, which translated into an influx of Spanish art and cultural capital. The Inca civilization can be traced back to about A.D. 1200. The name Olmec was almost certainly not what they called themselves but is derived from Aztec writings. Maya practiced Human Sacrifice and was polytheistic.
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compare and contrast the aztecs and the pueblo people?